Politiche del lavoro e ricerca del personale

Riassunto \u2013 Una buona parte degli studi e delle politiche del lavoro in questi ultimi anni si \ue8 concentrata sulla capacit\ue0 dell\u2019offerta di cercare lavoro. Pochi studi hanno affrontato il tema della domanda di lavoro e di come le politiche possano influenzare la ricerca del personale. Scopo del presente articolo \ue8 comprendere l\u2019impatto delle politiche del lavoro sulla ricerca del personale con particolare riferimento alle organizzazioni d\u2019impresa. Dopo avere esaminato le variabili strategiche, organizzative e ambientali che influenzano la ricerca del personale lo studio si concentra sull\u2019analisi delle politiche attive e passive del lavoro in Europa e in Italia. I risultati che emergono mettono in evidenza che le politiche del lavoro impattano su alcuni aspetti significativi della ricerca di personale: il turnover, l\u2019occupabilit\ue0 delle persone, la ri- collocazione, l\u2019efficienza del matching tra domanda e offerta di lavoro, la competitivit\ue0 dei candidati e la loro produttivit\ue0, l\u2019efficiente allocazione dell\u2019offerta, lo spiazzamento della do- manda, il grado di selettivit\ue0 e trasparenza del processo di reclutamento. Considerazioni di sintesi e alcune osservazioni sulle implicazioni organizzative, sui limiti dello studio e sul suo contributo alla ricerca concludono l\u2019articolo

Labor Market Imbalances and Personnel Recruitment

When the economy of a country starts to expand or collapse in wealth, it is reflected in the labor market with an impact on employment and personnel recruitment processes. The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between personnel recruitment and job market imbalances in the various de- velopmental conditions of the macroeconomic environment. Research find- ings show that employers tend to adopt more active, formal, competitive, targeted, and selective search behaviors in the positive cycles of the economy and employment. Conversely, in downturns of the economy and employ- ment, employers tend to be more passive and defensive, relying on informal relationships and, in some cases, institutional intermediaries. Research con- tributions, managerial implications and limits of this study conclude the ar- ticle

Organizing for What: Job Rotation as an Organizational Development Strategy or as an Organizational anti‐Corruption Tool?

The purpose of this article is to understand if Job Rotation (JR)/Organizational Development (OD)-oriented strategies are compatible with JR strategies to curb Organizational Corruption (OC), as these strategies seem to indicate an apparent contradiction. To this end, the paper is structured as follows. Firstly, the main points of JR-Theory in organizational studies are displayed. Subsequently, JR-Theory in organizational anti-corruption is more deeply explored. At the end of the review, the research question is proposed in the methodological section. The two sections after that are devoted to answering this question. The first of which examines the laws and documents of the National Anti‐Corruption Agency (ANAC) on JR-based anti-corruption policies in Italian public administrations. In the second section, some cases reported in the ANAC documents are analyzed. The results seem to suggest we can positively answer the research question, even if further research is needed. The theoretical contributions, managerial implications, limitations and future research are highlighted in the last sectio

One-year follow-up diagnostic stability of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in a clinical sample of children and toddlers

Some studies show that the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder could be considered reliable and stable in children aged 18 to 24 months. Nevertheless, the diagnostic stability of early ASD diagnosis has not yet been fully demonstrated. This observational study examines the one-year diagnostic stability of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in a clinical sample of 147 children diagnosed between 18 and 48 months of age. The ADOS-2 scores were used in order to stratify children in three levels of symptom severity: Autism (AD; comparison score 5–7), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD; comparison score 3–4), and Sub-Threshold Symptoms; (STS; comparison score 1–2). Results: Overall, the largest part of children and toddlers diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder between 18 and 48 months continued to show autistic symptoms at one-year follow-up evaluation. Neverthe-less, a significant percentage of children with higher ADOS severity scores exhibited a reduction of symptom severity and, therefore, moved towards a milder severity class one year later. Conversely, the number of subjects of the STS group meaningfully increased. Therefore, at one-year follow-up a statistically significant (χ2 (2) = 181.46, p < 0.0001) percentage of subjects (25.2% of the total) who had received a categorical diagnosis of Autistic Disorder or Autism Spectrum Disorder in baseline no longer met the criteria for a categorical diagnosis. Furthermore, children who no longer met the criteria for autism spectrum disorder continue to show delays in one or more neurodevelopmental areas, possibly related to the emergence of other neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric disorders. Overall, the comprehensive results of the study account for a high sensibility but a moderate stability of ASD early diagnosis

The Children and Young People's Health Partnership Evelina London Model of Care: process evaluation protocol

Introduction Children and young people (CYP) in the UK have poor health outcomes, and there is increasing emergency department and hospital outpatient use. To address these problems in Lambeth and Southwark (two boroughs of London, UK), the local Clinical Commissioning Groups, Local Authorities and Healthcare Providers formed The Children and Young People’s Health Partnership (CYPHP), a clinical-academic programme for improving child health. The Partnership has developed the CYPHP Evelina London model, an integrated healthcare model that aims to deliver effective, coordinated care in primary and community settings and promote better self-management to over approximately 90 000 CYP in Lambeth and Southwark. This protocol is for the process evaluation of this model of care. Methods and analysis Alongside an impact evaluation, an in-depth, mixed-methods process evaluation will be used to understand the barriers and facilitators to implementing the model of care. The data collected mapped onto a logic model of how CYPHP is expected to improve child health outcomes. Data collection and analysis include qualitative interviews and focus groups with stakeholders, a policy review and a quantitative analysis of routine clinical and administrative data and questionnaire data. Information relating to the context of the trial that may affect implementation and/or outcomes of the CYPHP model of care will be documented. Ethics and dissemination The study has been reviewed by NHS REC Cornwall & Plymouth (17/SW/0275). The findings of this process evaluation will guide the scaling up and implementation of the CYPHP Evelina London Model of Care across the UK. Findings will be disseminated through publications and conferences, and implementation manuals and guidance for others working to improve child health through strengthening health systems. Trial registration number NCT03461848

Evaluation of acute cardiovascular effects of immediate-release methylphenidate in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a frequent condition in children and often extends into adulthood. Use of immediate-release methylphenidate (MPH) has raised concerns about potential cardiovascular adverse effects within a few hours after administration. This study was carried out to investigate acute effects of MPH on electrocardiogram (ECG) in a pediatric population. A total of 54 consecutive patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (51 males and 3 females; mean age =12.14±2.6 years, range 6–19 years), receiving a new prescription of MPH, underwent a standard ECG 2 hours before and after the administration of MPH 10 mg per os. Basal and posttreatment ECG parameters, including mean QT (QT interval when corrected for heart rate [QTc]), QTc dispersion (QTd) interval duration, T-peak to T-end (TpTe) intervals, and TpTe/QT ratio were compared. Significant modifications of both QTc and QTd values were not found after drug administration. QTd fluctuated slightly from 25.7±9.3 milliseconds to 25.1±8.4 milliseconds; QTc varied from 407.6±12.4 milliseconds to 409.8±12.7 milliseconds. A significant variation in blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 105.4±10.3 vs 109.6±11.5; P<0.05; diastolic blood pressure 59.2±7.1 vs 63.1±7.9; P<0.05) was observed, but all the data were within normal range. Heart rate moved from 80.5±15.5 bpm to 87.7±18.8 bpm. No change in TpTe values was found, but a statistically significant increase in TpTe/QTc intervals was found with respect to basal values (0.207±0.02 milliseconds vs 0.214±0.02 milliseconds; P<0.01). The findings of this study show no significant changes in ECG parameters. TpTe values can be an additional parameter to evaluate borderline cases

PCSK9-D374Y mediated LDL-R degradation can be functionally inhibited by EGF-A and truncated EGF-A peptides: An in vitro study

Background and aims: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) through the LDLR epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGF-A) domain and induces receptor internalization and degradation. PCSK9 has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia. Clinical studies with PCSK9 inhibiting antibodies have demonstrated strong LDL-c lowering effects, but other therapeutic approaches using small molecule inhibitors for targeting PCSK9 functions may offer supplementary therapeutic options. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of synthetic EGF-A analogs on mutated (D374Y) PCSK9-D374Y mediated LDLR degradation in vitro. Methods: Huh7 human hepatoma cells were transiently transfected to overexpress the gain-of-function D374Y PCSK9 mutation, which has been associated with severe hypercholesterolemia in humans. Results: Transient transfection of cells with PCSK9-D374Y expression vector very effectively enhanced degradation of mature LDLR in Huh7. Treatment with both EGF-A and EGF-A truncated peptides inhibited this effect and showed increased LDLR protein in Huh7 cells transfected with PCSK9-D374Y in a clear concentration dependent manner. Huh7 transfected cells treated with increasing concentration of EGF-A analogs also showed an increase internalization of labeled Dil-LDL. Conclusions: The result of our study shows that EGF-A analogs are able to effectively hamper the enhanced degradation of LDLR in liver cells expressing PCSK9-D374Y

The ISWI Chromatin Remodeler Organizes the hsrω ncRNA–Containing Omega Speckle Nuclear Compartments

The complexity in composition and function of the eukaryotic nucleus is achieved through its organization in specialized nuclear compartments. The Drosophila chromatin remodeling ATPase ISWI plays evolutionarily conserved roles in chromatin organization. Interestingly, ISWI genetically interacts with the hsrω gene, encoding multiple non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) essential, among other functions, for the assembly and organization of the omega speckles. The nucleoplasmic omega speckles play important functions in RNA metabolism, in normal and stressed cells, by regulating availability of hnRNPs and some other RNA processing proteins. Chromatin remodelers, as well as nuclear speckles and their associated ncRNAs, are emerging as important components of gene regulatory networks, although their functional connections have remained poorly defined. Here we provide multiple lines of evidence showing that the hsrω ncRNA interacts in vivo and in vitro with ISWI, regulating its ATPase activity. Remarkably, we found that the organization of nucleoplasmic omega speckles depends on ISWI function. Our findings highlight a novel role for chromatin remodelers in organization of nucleoplasmic compartments, providing the first example of interaction between an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler and a large ncRNA

Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Parvovirus B19; a case of acute co-infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Co-infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Parvovirus B19 in adults is an extremely rare occurrence and, apparently, only one case has been previously reported. Herein we describe a case of acute co-infection with severe anemia and renal failure.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>The patient was a 34-year-old African man presenting myalgia, fatigue, headache, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly. A thin peripheral smear showed Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites and the patient was treated with oral mefloquine. After an initial amelioration, fever, fatigue and myalgia reappeared, the anemia worsened and there was evidence of acute renal failure. No malarial parasites were found with a blood smear. A bone marrow aspiration showed marked erythroid hypoplasia. Parvovirus B19-specific IgM and IgG and viremia were positive. The patient was treated with steroids and blood cell transfusions. After ten days, anemia and renal failure progressively decreased. When last seen, the patient was asymptomatic and the blood values were within the normal range.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The diagnosis of Parvovirus B19 acute infection should be considered in any case of persistent severe anemia and/or renal failure, even in clinical conditions that are well-known causes of anemia and renal failure, such as malaria.</p